简论清代宗族的“自治”性

On The Self-governing Nature Of Clan In Qing Dynasty

清代宗族活动具有自治的性质,宗族的自治,只是在政府允许的有限范围内进行的,并且在其内部实行宗法族长制,极其缺少民主成分,与近代自治团体不是一回事,故而谓其具有自治性,而不是近代概念的自治团体。宗族自治对社会产生了一定的影响,如增强了宗族内部凝聚力,令宗族成为政府与社会之间的某种中介组织,促使贫乏的社区生活的面貌有所改变,有益于社会秩序的稳定。

The clan activities in Qing dynasty have the nature of self governing, which takes within the limit of the government＇s permission and are carried out by the order of clan chiefs. These activities lack the elements of democracy and are quite different from the modern self government organization. The clan＇s self-governing brings certain social influence, such as, strenthening the unity within a clan; being a media between the government and society, changing the appearance of poor communities and benefiting the stability of the social order, etc.