组织成员绩效结构理论研究述评

Review of theories on organizational member's job performance

在过去的许多年,对工作绩效的研究出现了许多问题,不断重复的实证研究以及在工作绩效结构研究方面的混乱状态引起了学者们的严厉批评.这方面的研究主要包括组织公民行为、亲社会组织行为、关系绩效和任务绩效、角色行为和角色外行为以及任务绩效和非任务绩效.正是这些理论导致我们对工作绩效范围的重新思考.继续将非任务绩效看作是超越工作范畴或正式系统的非报酬行为是没有益处的.文章对组织成员行为绩效的主要成果给予介绍和评价,其主要目的是综合国内外现存文献,以便于将来学者们研究.

Many problems existed in past researches on performance, and the muddled state of overlap among several constructs of job performance has received much criticism. Researches such as： organizational citizenship behavior（OCB）, Prosocial organizational behavior （POB）, contextual performance and task performance, extra-role behavior and role-behavior, and task performance and non-task performance compel us to rethink the defining domain of individual job performance in the past years. It no longer seems fruitful to regard non-task performance as ＂beyond the job＂, or ＂unrewarded by the formal system＂. This paper introduces several different theories and assumptions on the relationship between the construct of the performance behaviors of organizational members, and points out some problems existing in these studies. The purpose of this study is to aid in the synthesis of existing domestic and international research and serve as a framework for future research.