教育、人力资本积累与外溢对西北地区经济增长影响的实证分析

Effects of Human Capital Accumulation and Spillover on Economic Growth in Northwest China

文章以人力资本溢出模型为依据,通过“教育年限法”和“教育成本法”比较研究了改革开放后中国西北地区要素投入与经济增长之间的关系。结果表明,虽然西北地区的经济增长总体来看是资本推动型的,但各省区人力资本的产出弹性和贡献率较高,而且人力资本的溢出效应较为明显,此外,各省区间人力资本对经济增长的贡献率有较大差别。据此作者认为,在中国经济增长方式转型期,除加大物质资本投资力度外,有效、持续地加快人力资本积累,可以更快地提高西北地区的经济发展水平,从而缩小该地区与东部地区的差距。

Based on human capital spillover model, this paper analyzes the relationship between factors inputs and economic growth in China's northwest region in the reform era. The results show that although economic growth in the northwest region as the whole has been physical capital-driven, elasticity and contribution rate of human capital in each province has been relatively high, indicating the spillover effect of human capital. These findings suggest that effectively and steadily speeding up human capital accumulation while increasing capital investment may enhance the level of economic development in the northwestern China, thus reducing the disparity between this region and the eastern region.