我国海洋深水油气开发面临的挑战

The situation and challenges for deepwater oil and gas exploration and exploitation in China

随着科学技术的进步和人类对海洋石油资源认知水平的不断提高,海洋油气勘探开发已从浅海走向深海,甚至超深海。深水油气开发已成为世界石油工业的热点和科技创新的前沿。近年来,我国海洋石油工业发展迅速,已建成投产45个油气田,但整体技术水平与国外先进技术水平尚有很大差距。目前,世界上深水钻探最大水深为3 095 m,我国为505 m;世界上已开发油气田最大水深为2 192 m,我国为333 m。我国深水海域蕴藏着丰富的油气资源,但深水区域特殊的自然环境和复杂的油气储藏条件将使我国深水油气开发在钻探、开发工程、建造等方面面临诸多技术难题。针对我国海洋石油工业实际情况,兼顾引进与创新,集国内外相关技术之优势,联合攻关,使我国深水油气勘探开发技术达到或超过国外同类技术水平,是使命,更是机遇与挑战。

human bei petroleum With the technology advancement and being＇s progressive cognition of the ocean resources, the offshore oil exploration and exploitation are being approached from shallow water to deep water, even to the ultra deepwater. The deepwater is becoming the leading edge of the world oil and technology innovation. Meanwhile China offshore oil industry has obtained the great achievements these twenty years and forty-five oil and gas fields have been developed, however there still exists huge technology gaps from foreign integrated technical level. The maximum water depth of developed fields is 2192 meters in the world, while 333meters in China,meanwhile the maximum water depth of appraisal well drilled in deep waters is 3095 meters in the world, but 505 meters in China only. There are the abundant gas and oil resources in deep waters offshore China, but the abominable site environmental conditions and complex storage conditions raise more technical difficulties in drilling, engineering and construction for developing oil and gas fields in deep waters, we should integrate the related advanced technology in the world to solve the key problems by ourselves and realize the jumping development of deepwater technology,for us, it is the opportunity and challenges more than tasks.