混合经济中的所有制结构与转型绩效差异——国际维度下的经济转型研究

Structure of Ownership System in Mixed Economy and Difference of Transformation Performance

经济转型时至今日,中国、前苏联和东欧国家在转型绩效上表现出巨大的差异,而对转型绩效差异的正确认识和评价直接关系到转型国家今后的发展方向和所采取的战略。因而,必须将经济转型作为一个整体,把为当前理论界所公认的转型起点———计划经济、目标———市场经济以及两者之间的过渡阶段三者结合起来,在社会经济发展的大背景下来考察经济转型,从而解释中国、前苏联、东欧国家等在转型绩效上的差异。研究表明,经济转型在本质上是一个以经济现代化为目的的、从计划经济体制向混合经济体制转变的体制转换过程,而混合经济中所有制结构的差异,是形成中国、前苏联和东欧国家转型绩效差异的根本原因。

Up to the present, there is a great difference among China and the states of former Soviet Union and the Eastern European nations in the transformation performance. A proper evaluation on the difference is very important to the further development direction and their strategy in the transformation states. However, the transformation progress should be treated as a whole, combined with the beginning of transformation——the planning economy and the aim of transformation——the market economy. Based on the above, this article explains the transformation performance differences in China and the states of former Soviet Union and the Eastern European nations. The study shows that, the economic transformation itself is a system conversion process from the planning economy to mixed economy; its destination is economic modernization. Therefore, the structure difference of ownership system in the mixed economy is the root to bring up the difference of the transformation performance among China and states of former Soviet Union and Eastern European nations.