中国和印度的农村工业化比较研究

Rural Industralization in China and India:Role of Policies and Institutions

在过去几十年里，中国农村的非农经济取得了举世瞩目的高速增长，对中国经济的整体增长做出了积极贡献。而在印度，该部门的表现却大为逊色，无论产出还是就业都增长缓慢。本文从两国制度性及政策差异（特别是在政治制度、所有权结构、信贷制度）来分析两国农村非农业部门出现不同的发展模式的原因。通过中印两国农村非农业经济的优劣势的回顾，我们可以更清楚地看到该部门增长的潜力与挑战。

The dynamic rural nonfarm sector in China has been a major contributor to the country＇s remarkable growth, while in India the growth in output and employment in this sector has been rather stagnant. The paper argues that the observed patterns in the rural nonfarm development are the results of institutional differences between the two countries, especially in their political systems, ownership structure, and credit institutions. A review of the strengths and weaknesses of the rural nonfarm economy in China and India highlights the potentials and challenges of growth in the sector.