过程地理信息系统框架基础与原型构建

A framework for Process Geographical Information System

GIS的发展正在从基于空间状态的“静态”基础走向基于时空过程的”动态”基础。作者提出了过程地理信息系统(PGIS)的概念及其理论框架体系。本文剖析了PGIS中过程所在的时空范畴,阐述了过程在PGIS中的含义及其结构,并探讨了PGIS基本空间框架、体系结构和过程仓库的理论基础。在此基础上,定义了PGIS的基本时空处理分析功能范畴,从过程的时空特性出发,结合所研发的海洋地理信息系统平台MaXplorer,阐述了PGIS不同于传统GIS的相关功能,即过程管理、可视化、特征化、对象化、逻辑运算和符号化等。

With the powerful technologies to acquire geographical data or its time-series, geographical research focuses on geographical process or dynamic phenomena instead of static geographical structure. At the same time, as a general powerful method to store, manage, distribute, analyze, display and apply the data with location information or as a powerful tool to analyze the spatial data, Geographical Information System （GIS） has attracted more and more attention of researchers in other fields, such as oceanography or meteorology, in which the dynamic phenomenon is the core research object. Some study applications on the dynamic phenomena were based on GIS platforms in market. However these presenting GIS platforms are all developed from terrestrial applications which lay stress on the status of space. Once GIS into the dynamic fields, it is necessary to develop a new type of theory or technology of GIS according to the process characteristics. That means the GIS theory or technology will develop based on the dynamic process instead of the static space. In order to overcome some disadvantages of traditional GIS, the presentation promotes the concept of Process Geographical Information System （PGIS） and describes its basic theoretical framework. This paper analyzes the definition of the spacetime, and spatiotemporal process in the PGIS. Based on these definitions, the space base frame, the logic structure and the process warehouse in PGIS are constructed. Furthermore, it defines the spatiotemporal functions of PGIS, such as process management, process visualization, spatiotemporal navigation with the interpolation and aggregation in the space-time, process characterization, process objectization, process logic reasoning, and process symbolization. With the theory above, a new type of GIS based on marine process has been set up as MaXplorer.