不同品种春小麦根系对低钾胁迫的生物学响应

Biological Responses of the Roots of Different Spring Wheat Varieties to Low-potassium Stress

采用水培法,以3个春小麦品种(加春1号、2号、4号)为试验材料,研究了低钾胁迫下不同品种春小麦根系的形态学与生理学特征。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,低钾胁迫下小麦的根重、根数、总根长、总吸收面积、根活力、根系SOD及POD活性、根系活性吸收面积均明显降低,但根冠比有所增加,不同春小麦品种间的变化趋势相似,但变化幅度存在明显差异。(2)供试品种小麦根系的形态与生理学特征在同一供钾水平下和不同供钾水平间均存在着明显的差异,表明这两种性状的差异是由基因型和环境因素共同决定的,因此,根系形态学和生理学特征可以作为筛选高效吸收钾小麦品种的参考指标。(3)供试的3个春小麦品种中‘加春4号’对低钾环境的适应性最强。

Three spring wheat varieties were hydroponically cultured to study morphological and physiological characters of the roots of different spring wheat varieties under low-potassium stress and the results showed that （1） different spring wheat varieties significantly declined in the weight, numbers, total lengths ,total absorbing areas ,vigor ,SOD and POD activities and active absorbing areas of their roots but increased in their root-shoot ratios to some extent under low-potassium stress compared with them in control. They varied in similar ways but their varying ranges significantly differed. （2） The spring wheat varieties differed in the morphological and physiological characters of their roots at same potassium rates and different potassium rates,which indicated that these differences in these two respects were genotype- and environment-depended and thus morphological and physiological characters of the roots could be used as the reference parameters in screening wheat varieties of high efficiency potassium uptake. （3） Quantum had the strongest adaptability to low-potassium stress among the three spring wheat varieties.