黑龙江省影响水稻安全生产的气象要素

Influence of climatic factors on safety of rice production in Heilongjiang Province

在分析水稻安全生产条件的基础上,探讨了有关气象因素及灾害对水稻生长发育和产量的影响。重点分析了地区冷害的发生状况及干湿条件,在充分考虑黑龙江省地区气候特征、农业生产区域及品种熟性的基础上,确定了影响水稻安全生产的灾害和气象指标。利用多年气象资料,计算了黑龙江省各地的冷害发生机率及稻田干燥度指数等,通过指标对比分析,初步提出了黑龙江省水稻安全生产的区域划分,为水稻生产的防灾减灾提供了科学的气象依据。

Based on analyzing condition of safe production of rice, this paper discusses influence of important climatic factors and disasters on rice development and yield, especially analyzes the occurence situation of cold disaster and water conditions in each region in Heilongjiang Province. Based on consideration of climate condition, farming region and varieties character in Heilongjiang Province, several indexes about safe production of rice is presen- ted. Meteorological data for many years is used to calculate occurrence ratio of cold disaster, number of days with over 18℃and index of dryness of rice fields in Heilongjiang Province, and so on. By comparison and analysis of indexes, the authors put forward a region division of safe production of rice in Heilongjiang Province, which provides scientific basis for fully using climate resource and obtaining production with high yield and high quality.