渗水地膜覆盖冬小麦的生态效应研究

Studies on Ecological Effect of Water-Permeability Plastic Membrane Mulching in Winter Wheat Field

采用渗水地膜覆盖、普通地膜覆盖和露地3个处理,对比分析三者的生态效应。结果表明:全生育期内,渗水地膜的渗水、保墒、提墒作用均优于其它2种处理,其保墒、提墒效应在表土层最为明显,土壤含水量较普通地膜平均增加0.70个百分点;渗水地膜在整个生育期内的保温、增温效果优于普通地膜,同时还可以降低午后极端高温,使土壤温度较为稳定;由于渗水地膜的微通气作用,土壤容重降低,孔隙度提高,气相比例增加,土壤通透性增强。

The three treatments, including water-permeability plastic membrane mulching, common plastic film mulching and open grounding were carded out to contrast their economical effects. The results show that the water-permeability plastic membrane is better than the other two in penetrating the rain into the soil and preventing the water from evaporation in all growing period, and the effect is the most obvious in the topsoil, the soil moisture content in water-permeability plastic membrane increased 0.70% averagely than the common plastic film. The temperature-maintaining and temperature-increasing effect of water-permeability plastic membrane mulching was superior to common plastic film .mulching, and there was comparatively steady soil temperature. Meanwhile, because of many holes on water-permeability plastic membrane, the soil bulk density can be reduced, the porosity can be improved, the percent of the three phases can be increased and the soil ventilation can be enhanced.