加拿大一枝黄花的核型分析及B染色体初报

Karyotype Analysis of Solidago canadensis L. and Preliminary Study on its B-chromosomes

对安徽蚌埠地区外来植物加拿大一枝黄花的染色体核型进行了分析。结果如下:该入侵种的染色体数为2n=50,各染色体间形态差异不明显,均为中着丝粒或近中着丝粒染色体,最长与最短染色体相对长度比为1.72,全套染色体未见随体,核型公式为2 n=50=38 m+12 sm+6 B s,核型类型为较对称的2A型。首次报道了存在于体细胞中的异于常染色体的6个B染色体,这些B染色体在不同细胞中保持恒定的数目,并讨论了B染色体的存在与加拿大一枝黄花在新生境中具有入侵性之间的关系。

The karyotype analysis of exotic plant Solidago canadensis L. in Bangbu, Anhui province was reported. The results are as follows ： the number of chromosomes is 2 n = 50, morphological variations is not obvious to the 25 pairs of chromosomes, with all of them are median and submedian centromeric chromosomes, relative length ratio between the longest chromosome and the shortest one is 1.72, there is no SAT in 50 chromosomes, the karyotype formula is 2 n = 50 = 38 m ＋ 12 sm ＋ 6 Bs,the karyotype type is 2 A. 6 B-chromosomes in somatic cells of Solidago canadensis L. were firstly reported in this study, the number of B-chromosomes is the same in different cells, the relation between Bchromosome and invisibility of Solidago canadensis L. in the new habitat was discussed too.