人种志研究与教师智慧的生成

Ethnography Study and Production of Teacher Wisdom

教师智慧是教师基于自己独特的个性,并在特定的教育情景中形成的、对教育活动的批判性认识和创造性解决问题的能力。教育研究是教师生成智慧的源泉,而人种志研究在帮助教师生成智慧方面有着一定的优势:它所强调的整体性视角,所奉行的参与观察和深度访谈,所推崇的反思精神和反思技术,都对教师智慧的生成具有重要的作用。教师要想借助人种志研究来提升智慧,需要了解社会与文化人类学的相关理论,并在学校教育的真实场景中做人种志研究,以及尝试运用人种志研究的一些要求来看待教育教学中的问题。

Teacher wisdom refers to his/her ability to understand critically educational activities and solve problems creatively, which is generated in the given educational context on the basis of teacher＇ s own unique personality. Educational research is where teacher wisdom is generated, and ethnography research has some advantages in helping producing wisdom, among which are the perspective of wholeness, participation observation and deep interview as well as the ret＇lective spirit and technique. If teachers hope to produce their wisdom with the help of ethnography research, they must have a knowledge of theories related to social and cultural anthropology, conduct the ethnography research in the actual school educational context and try to tackle the problems in education and instruction by applying some of the requirements of ethnography research.