男性劳教戒毒者与财产型劳教人员心理健康及个性的对比研究

A comparative study of male drug addicts under forced detoxification and economical criminals’ mental health and personality

目的探讨男性劳教戒毒初期吸毒者与财产型劳教人员的心理健康状况、个性特点及其相关关系。方法利用心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)和卡特尔16种人格因素量表,对240名劳教戒毒者和财产型劳教人员进行问卷调查。结果劳教戒毒者在心理症状总分及躯体化、敌对、恐怖和偏执等维度上显著高于财产型劳教人员[前者的SCL-90总分(196.05±68.01)分;后者的SCL-90总分(172.04±61.53)分;差异有显著性P<0.01];劳教戒毒者在聪慧性、有恒性两维度上显著低于财产型劳教人员,在恃强性、怀疑性和幻想性三维度上显著高于财产性劳教人员[前者的聪慧性(6.25±3.20)分;后者的聪慧性(7.49±2.50)分;差异有显著性P<0.01;前者的恃强性(13.43±3.82)分;后者的恃强性(11.56±4.02)分;差异有显著性(P<0.01)];劳教戒毒者作为一个群体所表现出的个性特征与其心理症状具有显著的相关。结论劳教戒毒初期的吸毒者心理健康水平低下,并且其心理健康水平与吸毒者的个性特征具有显著相关。

Objective To examine the drug addicts＇ mental health condition, personality and relationship between them during the early period of forced detoxification. Methods 240 male drug addicts and economical criminals under reeducation through labor were chosen to complete SCL-90 and 16 PF. Results Compared with economical criminals, the drug addicts were significantly higher on SCL-90 total scale, somatization, hostility, phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation （ for example, the drug addicts＇ SCL-90 total scale： 196.0 ± 5 68 ; the economical criminals＇ SCL-90 total scale ： 172.04 ± 61.53 ; P〈 0. 01 ）. The drug addicts were significantly lower on intelligence and conscientiousness but significantly higher on assertiveness, vigilance and abstractedness than the economical criminals （for example, the drug addicts＇ intelligence： 6.25 ± 3.20; the economical criminals＇ intelligence： 7.49 ± 2.50 ; P〈 0. 01 ; the drug addicts＇ assertiveness： 13.43 ± 3.82 ; the economical criminals＇ assertiveness： 11.56 ±4.02; P 〈 0. 01 ）. The personality traits of drug addicts were significantly correlated with their mental health conditions. Conclusion During the early period of forced detoxification, the drug addicts＇ mental health condition was very bad and it was significantly correlated with the special personality traits of drug addicts.