南水北调东线江都泵站钉螺扩散情况现场观察

Observation on Oncomelania hupensis spread in Jiangdu pumping station in the east route of South-North Water Diversion Project

目的了解南水北调东线取水口抽调江水时钉螺能否进入输水河道孳生扩散。方法对泵站前水源河道、泵站拦污栅、泵站消力池滩地和渠首输水河道进行钉螺分布调查,采用打捞的方法检测水源河道漂浮物携带钉螺情况,结合水工建筑功能、调水量及有关河道水位资料,对钉螺通过泵站扩散可能性进行分析研究。结果江都泵站前水源河道查出钉螺面积185.28hm2,水源河道漂浮物调查发现钉螺主要在汛期吸附于漂浮物漂流扩散;泵站前拦污栅及泵站出水口消力池滩地及泵站后渠首输水河道均未发现钉螺。结论南水北调东线调水泵站水闸、拦污栅、水泵、消力池等水工建筑物具有阻挡、沉淀钉螺的作用,泵站消力池及输水河道因水体大,常年保持高水位运行,不适宜钉螺孳生。

Objective To understand the probability of Oncomelania hupensis spread in the water-transporting channel in the east route of South-North Water Diversion Project. Methods The investigation of snail distribution was carried out in the waterhead riverway, the fence of pumping station, the water-transporting line, and the Gaoshui River. The flotage was refloated to detect the snails. At the same time, the data were collected and analyzed about the pumping station project, water diversion amount and the tide height. Results There were snails in the water-transporting channel in the east route. There were also snails in the flotage. However, there were no snails in the fence of pumping station, the water-transporting line and the Gaoshui River. Conclusions The floodgate, fence, water pump of pumping station and the water-transporting river have the effect of countercheck and sedimentation to snails. The water level of the water-transporting river is maintained at higher level when the river was running. Therefore, the water-transporting channel in the east route is not suited to snail growth and propagation.