硫酸铝对苏打盐碱土的改良作用研究

Study on Function of Aluminum Sulfate on Soda Alkali-saline Soil Improvement

苏打盐碱土添加硫酸铝后,土壤理化性状发生了显著改善。土壤物理性质表现为:土壤结构有显著改善,土壤团聚体(>0.005 mm)数量明显增加,土壤容重降低,膨胀度增加,孔隙度增大,土壤渗透性能及持水能力增强。土壤化学性质表现为:A l3+水解产生大量H+,降低了水田湛水层和土层的pH值;随硫酸铝用量的增加,土壤阳离子交换量呈显著递增,碱化度显著降低;CO32-和HCO3-含量也随硫酸铝用量的增加而降低。以上结果表明苏打盐碱土添加硫酸铝后,土壤结构得到良好改善,土壤盐分组成发生了显著变化,由苏打型→苏打-硫酸盐型→硫酸盐型。同时,苏打盐碱土理化性质的改良也为作物生长创造了良好的土壤环境。

After added aluminum sulfate, the physico-chemical properties of soda alkali-saline soil have had the remarkable improvement. The soil physical property performance is soil structure characteristic remarkable improvement, the aggregate （〉0. 005mm） remarkable increasing, the bulk specific gravity reduces, the degree of expansion increases and the porosity increases. The soil chemistry nature performance is Al^3＋ hydrolyzed and produces massive H^＋, pH of water and soil reduced; Along with amount increasing of aluminum sulfate, CEC remarkably increasing, ESP remarkably reducing, CO3^2- and HCO3^- content reduced along with the aluminum sulfate amount increasing. The result indicated, after aluminum sulfate increased into soda alkali-saline soil, the soil structure has the good improvement, the soil salinity composition has the remarkable change, soda tapes→sodasulfate tapes→ sulfate tapes. At the same time, the improvement of physico-chemical properties of soda alkalisaline soils has created the good soil environment for the crops growth.