O形橡胶密封圈密封性能的有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis of the Sealing Performance of O-ring Seal Structure

利用ANSYS建立了液压系统中液压缸用O形橡胶密封圈的二维轴对称模型,分析计算了O形密封圈缸筒和轴套的间隙、密封轴套槽口倒角半径、O形密封圈的截面尺寸、橡胶材料参数、初始压缩率对密封面最大接触压力和剪切应力的影响。结果表明:O形密封圈缸筒和轴套的间隙对剪切应力的影响很大;轴套沟槽宽度、O形密封圈的截面尺寸和橡胶材料参数对密封面最大接触压力的影响很大;初始压缩率对密封面最大接触压力和剪切应力的影响都很大;对于本文分析的结构,在其它条件不变的情况下密封轴套槽口倒角半径对密封面最大接触压力和剪切应力的影响都不大;分析结果验证了长期使用的经验设计。

ANSYS was utilized to establish the two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model of O-ring used for hydraulic cylinder in hydraulic systems. Some factors influencing maximum contact stress and shearing stress of sealing face were taken into account, such as gap between axile bush and cylinder, chamfer radius of the axile bush groove, O-ring section dimension, rubber material parameters and initial compressibility. The results indicate that the gap between axile bush and cylinder influences the shearing stress very much; the width of axile bush groove and the O-ring section dimension as well as rubber material parameters have a remarkable influence on the maximum contact stress;for this analytic structure, the chamfer radius of the axile bush groove has a little influence on the maximum contact stress and shearing stress of sealing face. Analysis result validates long-used empirical design.