气候因子对南疆浮尘日数变化的影响

Influence of climatic factors on dusts days in South Xinjiang

利用1961—2003年南疆36个代表站逐日地面观测资料，分析了浮尘日数的分布特征，并构建多元线性回归影响因子模型，探讨了气温、气温日较差、地气温差、海平面气压、气压差、平均风速、降水量7个气候因子对浮尘日数变化的影响程度。结果表明：南疆浮尘日数具有明显的地域差异性和季节性；43a内浮尘日数呈明显减少趋势，具有6～9a的振荡周期，地气温差、平均风速、降水量的相继突变导致1986年浮尘日数突变；3～9月南疆浮尘日数变化的主要影响因子依次是平均风速、气温日较差和降水量，春季气温日较差占主导地位，6～8月是平均风速，9月为降水量。

In this paper, the climatic characteristics of dusts in South Xinjiang are analyzed using the daily meteorological data observed by 36 meteorological stations in South Xinjiang during the period from 1961 to 2003, the linear multi - regression model of affecting factors is developed, the affecting degree of 7 climatic factors including the air temperature, daily range of air temperature, difference between ground temperature and air temperature, sea level pressure, change of air pressure, average wind speeds and precipitation on dust weathers are researched. The results show that the annual days of occurring dusts have terrain and seasonal differentia and have been significantly reduced since recent 43 years, and there is a 6-9 - year fluctuation period in frequent occurrence of dusts. The between ground temperature and air annual days of occurring dusts abruptly temperature, average wind speeds and changed in 1986 because difference precipitation abruptly changed one after the other. The main climatic factors affecting dusts in South Xinjiang during the period from March to September are in an order of average wind speed, daily range of air temperature and precipitation, and the dominant factors affecting the occurrence of dusts in spring, during the period from June to August and in September are the daily range of air temperature, average wind speed and precipitation respectivelv.