栗羽、白羽和黄羽鹌鹑红细胞和血浆酯酶的遗传多态性研究

Study on Genetic Polymorphism of Erythrocyte and Plasma Esterase in Maroon,White and Yellow Feather Quail

利用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对蛋用朝鲜龙城系栗羽鹌鹑及其突变系白羽和黄羽鹌鹑的红细胞和血浆酯酶的遗传多态性进行了研究。结果表明:红细胞酯酶Es-Ⅰ、Es-Ⅲ和血浆酯酶Es-3、Es-4均存在遗传多态性,其中Es-Ⅰ和Es-Ⅲ、Es-3分别受常染色体上的一对等位基因A和B控制,各出现3种表型A、AB和B。Es-4出现2种表型即有带型和无带型,受显性基因Es-4A和隐性基因Es-4a控制。经适合性χ2检验,3群体在红细胞酯酶Es-Ⅰ位点的基因分布均显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P<0.01)。黄羽和白羽鹌鹑的红细胞酯酶Es-Ⅲ和血浆酯酶Es-3两个位点,均处于遗传平衡状态。

The genetic polymorphism of erythrocyte and plasma esterase in maroon,white and yellow feather quail was analyzed by vertical plate polyacrylamide gel electrophotesis. The erythrocyte esterase（Es-Ⅰ and Es-Ⅲ）and plasma esterase （Es-3 and Es-4）were polymorphic. There were three different phenotypes A,AB and B controlled by autosomal codominant alleles A and B at each locus in Es-Ⅰ ,Es-Ⅲ and Es-3. Es-4 had two phenotypes controlled by dominant gene Es-4^A and recessive gene Es-4^a. The gene distribution of Es- Ⅰ was significantly deviant from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all three colonies（P〈0.01 ）.The gene distribution of Es-Ⅲ and Es-3 were within Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in white feather and yellow feather quails by x^2 test（P〉0.05）.