风光互补独立供电系统的优化设计

OPTIMAL DESIGN OF STANDALONE HYBRID WIND/PV POWER SYSTEMS

在设计风光互补独立供电系统时,系统中需要优化的不仅有光伏电池和蓄电池的容量,还应该有风力发电机种类和容量以及光伏电池的倾角。优化目标为系统安装成本,约束条件为供电可靠性,其指标负载缺电率LP- SP需经仿真运行得到。本问题属于非线性整数规划,也是一个NP-hard问题。用包含精英策略的遗传算法优化,以自适应罚函数法处理约束。计算和验证表明本文采用的算法收敛,能同时优化风力发电机类型和容量、光伏电池的容量和倾角以及蓄电池的容量,并且计算效率高。

In the design of a standalone hybrid wind/PV power system, not only the size of photovoltaic （PV） panels and the capacity of batteries but also the type and size of wind turbine generators （WTGs） and the tilt angle of PV panels must be optimized. In our research, the objective is selected as minimizing the total capital cost, subject to power reliability. The Loss of Power Supply Probability （LPSP）, which is the index of power reliability, is obtained by simulation. This may be defined as a nonlinear integer programming problem and characterized as an NP-hard problem. We investigated the genetic algorithm （GA） for optimally sizing a standalone hybreid wind/PV power system. The adaptive penalty function method dealing with the constraint and the elitist strategy are used. Studies have proved that the proposed GA converges well, can have decision variables as the type and size of WTGs, the size and tilt angle of VP panels and the capacity of batteries simuhaneously and has high computing efficiency.