论我国自然资源产权制度改革

On the Property Right Reform of Natural Resources in China

我国长期实行的粗放型、资源依赖型经济增长方式,已经产生了社会需要与资源短缺之间巨大的矛盾。破解这种难题,必须从自然资源的产权制度改革入手。自然资源产权既具有一般产权的共同特点,又具有自身的特殊性,如在产权安排、所有权界定、使用权界定等方面,就必须考虑到自然资源的复杂性。如果不能有效地对自然资源产权进行制度性安排,必然会产生“公地悲剧”。我国自然资源产权制度的改革,应该实现国家政策目标与微观经济主体行为目标的激励相容,同时实现国家生态效益得到激励并减少“政府失灵”与私人经济效益得到激励并减少“市场失灵”的双重目标。

The mode of extensive and natural resources-relied economic development leas to the contradiction between social needs and resources shortage. In order ot solve the difficulty, we must reform the property right system of natural resources. The property right system of natural resources has the common characteristics of property right system and the speciahy of the property right of natural resources in property right arrangement, identification of property right and identification of usufruct. Therefore, the complexity of natural resources should be considered. Without effective arrangement of property right of natural resources, tragedy in common land will occur. In the reform, the goal of the national policy and the economic subject goal must be coordinated with each other and supplemented with each other in order to achieve the goals of combination of national ecological benefit and private economic benefits, without failures of government and the market.