原发性小血管炎15例误诊原因分析

Analysis about Misdiagnostic Causes of 15 Cases Involving Primary Vasculitis

目的分析原发性小血管炎的临床特征及其误诊原因。方法对我院1990～2003年收治的18例原发性小血管炎患者的临床资料进行分析,并结合文献总结原发性小血管炎的临床特征及其误诊原因。结果18例原发性小血管炎患者入院时误诊15例;原发性小血管炎易发生多系统损害,以肺脏和肾脏受累最常见,两脏器同时受累者占77.8%(14/18)。该病临床表现多样,缺乏特异性。结论原发性小血管炎易损害多个系统,结合抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体及其他实验室检查能较早诊断,从而减少误诊、漏诊。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and misdiagnosis causes of primary vasculitis. Methods The medical records of 18 patients with primary vaseulitis were reviewed in Beijing Friendship Hospital from 1990 to 2003, then summarize the clinical characteristics and misdiagnostic causes combining with documents. Results Among 18 patients with primary vasculitis, 15 patients were misdiagnosed; Primary vasculitis caused many system damages easily, kidney and lung were the most common damaged organs, the rate that both kidney and lung were damaged was 77.8% （14/18）. Conclusion Primary vasculitis can damage many systems easily, which can be earlier diagnosed through anti - neutrophilic sranulocytes cytoplasmic antibody and other lab tests in order to reduce misdiagnosis and leaky diagnosis.