友谊的结构研究——一项对大学生友谊内隐观的调查研究

The Implicit Structure of Friendship:A Content Analysis of Word Association by College Students

本文对大学生友谊概念的表征进行了初步的探究。研究者依据激活扩散模型,采用字词联想法来搜集数据。采用“友谊”一词为刺激,让269名大学生被试进行自由联想,选出前80个联想频率在4.0%以上的高频词语(概念)作为分析单位,做成卡片另请100名大学生进行分类,然后根据它们之间的关系亲疏程度实施系统聚类分析。结果发现,友谊概念在大学生群体的心目中是从以下4个方面来表征的:①关心与支持;②分享与交流;③共同活动与联系;④矛盾及冲突。

This paper reports a preliminary descriptive approach to the representation of the concept of friendship. According to the Spreading Activation Model, the friendship word was presented as a stimulus to which 269 college students were asked to respond with at!east 15 Words that came to mind. Then 80 friendship-related words/phrases with frequency above 4.0 % were collected as units of analysis. Based on the interrelation, a complete-linkage cluster analysis obtained 4 high-order clusters, i. e. the four facets of the representation of friendship concept： 1 ） caring and support; 2 ） sharing and communication; 3 ） act in concert and contact; 4 ） contradiction and conflict.