优质蛋白玉米育种研究进展

Research Progress on Breeding of Quality Protein Maize

普通玉米蛋白质品质差,以改良玉米蛋白质品质为目标的优质蛋白玉米(QPM)育种一直是玉米研究的重要课题。本文简要回顾了利用o2基因改善玉米蛋白质品质的育种历程,重点介绍了QPM的营养价值、遗传基础、种质选育和应用以及分子标记应用于QPM辅助育种,分析了目前QPM种质遗传基础狭窄、杂种优势研究滞后和QPM品种抗逆性差、适应性窄等问题,提出了针对这些问题的解决策略,并展望了QPM的重大应用前景。

The protein quality of normal maize is poor, improving protein quality of maize has been a key research area of maize breeding. The paper briefly reviewed the breeding history that the mutant gene o2 was utilized to improve maize protein quality. Nutritional value of quality protein maize（QPM）, genetic base, QPM germplasm breeding and extension, and utilization of molecular markers on assistant selection of QPM were discussed. Nowadays the main problems of QPM breeding were narrow genetic basement, limited heterosis study and poor resistance and adaptativity. To solve the above problems, the responding strategies were introduced. QPM breeding presents a bright future.