大庆油田机械分层注水技术回顾与展望

Review and outlook of separate layer water injection technology in Daqing Oilfield

分析大庆油田不同开发阶段注水措施面临的矛盾,论述了随着矛盾的转变,机械分层注水技术不断发展完善,对注入剖面调整的重要作用。封隔器由扩张式逐步发展为可洗井压缩式、免释放封隔器,提高了工艺的密封率和成功率;配水器由固定式配水器逐步发展为同心活动式配水器、偏心式配水器、偏心式恒流配水器、同心集成式配水器,偏心集成式恒流配水器,实现了不动管柱分层调配,降低了作业成本,缩小了卡距,降低了隔层厚度,增加了细分程度;水嘴投捞方式由动管柱投捞发展到钢丝投捞、智能投捞,提高了测试调配效率;分层注入工艺由单一的注入功能向注入、信息采集、测调集成化方向发展。通过分析产量递减阶段分层注水技术面临的矛盾,指出“十一五”期间及以后注水技术应向地面方便重复调层的智能分注技术方向发展。

Based on analysis of the difficulties of water injection methods during different development stages in Daqing oilfield,this paper discusses successive improvement,perfection,and the important role of mechanical water injection technology in adjusting water injection profile.Packers are evolved from inflatable ones to compressible water-flushing ones and release-free ones,which improve the sealing rate and success rate;water regulators are evolved from fixed ones to concentric movable ones,eccentric ones,eccentric flow-constant ones,concentric integrated ones and eccentric integrated flow-constant ones,which can adjust the injection profile without tripping strings,reduce operation cost,spaces between packers,and barrier thickness,and increase subdivision degree.The tripping methods of water injection nozzles are evolved from tubing string tripping to slick line tripping and intelligent tripping,which improve testing and adjustment efficiency.Separate layer injection technique has been evolved from single function of water injection to the integration of injection,data collection and test-adjustment.Through analyzing the challenges facing separate layer injection technology during production decline stage,it is indicated that water injection technology should be evolved towards intelligent separate layer injection with the function of easy adjustment of target layers on surface.