当代中国城镇体系地域空间结构类型定量研究

A Quantitative Study on Regional Spatial Structure of Urban System in Contemporary China

当代中国城市的地域空间分布并不具有随机性分布特征,过去运用泊松方程规定的随机分布模型对城镇体系地域空间结构定量划分存在一定的局限性。借助牛顿引力学方程对随机分布模型进行改进,构建城市空间分布的引力模型,利用2002年数据,以省级行政区为基本空间单元,对中国城镇体系地域空间结构类型进行定量研究,得出6个块状组团式城市聚集区、10个条状组团式城市聚集区和8个以大城市为核心的城市群的结构特征,其中东部省区以多核心多组团式的城市块状聚集区为主,中部省区以单中心单组团式的条状聚集区为主,西部省区以大城市为核心的城市群为主。东、中、西三大地带城市发育水平差别较大,梯度现象较为明显。

The authors found that the past quantitative study on regional spatial structure of the Chinese urban system that was based on the random distribution model of Poisson＇s equation was imperfect, because the contemporary Chinese cities did not fit the character of the random distribution. A gravity model of the cities spatial distribution was formatted by virtue of Newtonian Dynamical Equation to improve the random distribution model, and made a quantitative study of the Chinese cities by taking and using the data of 2002. The conclusions are summed up province-level administrative regions for spatial cells as follows： first, the urban spatial structure of China was composed of 6 mass-clusters of urban accumulative regions, 10 strip-clusters of urban accumulative regions and 8 urban groups with metropolis as the core; second, multi-cores and multi-clusters urban accumulative regions were mostly distributed in the east provinces of China, sole-core and sole-cluster urban accumulative regions were mostly distributed in mid-China, and large urban groups appeared in the west. The difference of cities development levels was obvious among the three zones, and gradient-phenomenon is very distinct.