广州市企事业单位成人乙型肝炎感染情况分析

Hepatitis B Infection Status Analysis among Adults of Enterprise Units in Guangzhou City

目的了解广州市企事业单位成人乙型肝炎(乙肝)感染率及免疫情况,探讨预防对策与措施。方法对2005年6月～2005年12月来我院进行健康体检的广州市企事业单位人员6770名,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定HBsAg、抗-HBs、HBeAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc。按年龄、性别分组进行5项标志物(HBVM)的分析比较。结果HBsAg总阳性率为6.79%,男女分别为7.88%和5.44%,差异有显著性(P<0.001),20～年龄组和≥80岁年龄组低于其他各组;抗-HBs总阳性率为61.08%,男女分别为58.52%和64.26%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),抗-HBs阳性率随着年龄的增长逐渐下降,各年龄组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);单项抗-HBs总阳性率为45.63%,男女分别为62.87%和66.35%,差异有显著性(P<0.05),单项抗-HBs阳性率低年龄组明显高于高年龄组,各年龄组之间的阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);HBVM全阴率为25.16%,男女分别为25.68%和24.50%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论广州市企事业单位成人乙肝感染率较低,易感者较多,建议及时对易感人群接种乙肝疫苗,以全面减少乙肝病毒感染率。

Objective To study the infection and immunization status of hepatitis B among adults of enterprise units in Guangzhou city, and explore the countermeasures for prevention. Method Physical examination of 6770 adults of enterprise units in Guangzhou city was performed from Jun. to Dec. in 2005. The serum levels of HBsAg, Anti-HBs, HBeAg, Anti-HBe and Anti-HBe were determined by ELISA. Result The total positive rate of HBsAg was 6.79%, while the positive rates of men and women were 7.88% and 5.44%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the infection rate between men and women （P 〈 0.001 ）. The positive rates of 20 years age group and ≥ 80 years age group were lower than those of the other age groups. The positive rates of anti-HBs of men and women were 58.52% and 64.26%, respectively, with a total positive rate of 61.08%. The anti-HBs positive rates between the two genders were different（P 〈 0.001 ）. There was a statistically significant decrease of the positive rates of anti-HBs with the increase of age. The rate of only anti-HBs positive for men and women were 62.87% and 66.35%, respectively, with a overall rate of 45.63%. The difference between the rates of two genders was signifieant（P 〈 0.05）. The rates of only anti-HBs positive of the young age groups were signiiieantly higher than those in older age groups （P 〈 0.001）. The negative rate of HBVM of men and women were 25.68% and 24.50%, respectively, with the total rate of 25.16%. There was no significant difference between the two gender （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The infection rate of hepatitis B among adults of enterprise units in Guangzhou city was low. However, people of the high risk group should be vaccinated against HBV.