摘要
孙中山选拔文官的标准是德才兼备,以德为首。他所说的德,不是以三纲五常为核心的封建道德,而是以符合“三民主义”、“五权宪法”、资产阶级的民主共和、官吏是人民公仆等思想为价值取向。孙中山指出选举制、委任制有弊端,主张以考试制度补救之,也就是在“五权宪法”的框架之中,国家建立考试院,主管人才的选拔和任用。同时,完善国家政治制度,建立文官的培养、任用、监察等运行机制。孙中山的理论创新,奠定了我国文官制度的基础,为我国文官制度的近代化作出了贡献。
Sun Yat- sen insisted that qualified personnel be endowed with both ability, and more important, political integrity. In his eyes, integrity was away from Chinese feudal ethical prineiples, namely, "three guides and five virtues". Instead, it was directed to bourgeois ideas such as "the Three People's Principles", "the Five Powers Constitution", Democracy and Republic, and officials as public servants. He argued that examination system eould solve the problems involved in the election and appointment systems. In other words, the examination council would be in charge of selecting and appointing personnel. Meanwhile, the system would be established responsible for personnel training, appointment and supervision. His thought is an innovation of China' s custom of personnel selection, terminating the disorder of selecting officials since the abolishment of civil service examination, laying a foundation for selecting officials by examination, and filling the blank between civil service examination and offieial examination. Hence, it is epoch- marking.
出处
《安徽史学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第6期59-68,共10页
Historical Research In Anhui
关键词
孙中山
考试院
文官考试
铨叙制度
Sun Yat- sen
examination council
personnel examination
election and appointment system