大众文化的狂欢与精英文化身份的焦虑

The Revelry of the Popular Culture and the Worry of Culture Master Status

大众文化是在工业化技术和消费社会语境下,通过大众传媒广泛传播适应社会大众文化趣味的文化范式和类型,是一种集体性的文化行为,其最显著的特性:狂欢化。在大众文化的挤压下,而以社会主流文化的承担者和价值观念的代言人自居的精英文化,已经或正在失却社会导师和中心话语的位置,退守到了边缘地带,对自己的身份感到焦虑。精英文化和大众文化应是两种质地不同的文化形态,二者之间是互相渗透、互相改造、互相制约的关系。一种健康的多元文化格局应是以自我批判、自我反思与相互监督、相互制约和合而成。

Popular culture is a type of cultural form which is transmitted extensively through mass media and can meet the cultural interest of the mass under the context of industrial technology and consume society. It is a kind of collective cultural behavior and its outstanding characteristic is revelry. Under the pressure of popular culture, the master culture which is usually regarded as tbe carrier of social mainstream culture and the spokesman of social value has lost or is losing its leading position and stand aside, and it has begun to worry about it status. Master culture and popular culture are two quite different cultural forms and there is an inter-influence relationship between them.