鸡鸭对饲料氨基酸利用的比较研究

Comparative Study on Digestibility of Amino Acid in Plant Feedstuffs between Cockerel and Drake

本文旨在研究鸡和鸭对饲料氨基酸消化率的差异,为合理配制鸭饲料提供必要参考。选用18周龄健康、体重约为(2.6±0.20)kg的海兰褐佳蛋公鸡和北京Z系公鸭各48只。以Sibbald“真代谢能(TME)”法测定公鸡和公鸭常用谷物(玉米、稻谷、小麦和麸皮)、饼粕(豆粕、棉粕、花生粕)两大类7种常用饲料的氨基酸消化率,每种饲料各用8只禽来测定,每只禽为1个重复。结果显示:(1)豆粕、花生粕、玉米、水稻和小麦的总氨基酸表观消化率(total amino acid apparent digestibility,TAAAD),鸭的测定值都比鸡显著高(P<0.05),鸭对棉粕、麸皮的TAAAD极显著高于鸡(P<0.01),在同一种饲料中,大多数氨基酸表观消化率(amino acid apparent digestibility,AAAD)鸭测定值明显高于鸡的;(2)鸡和鸭内源总氨基酸排泄量分别为478.31和941.34 mg/48 h,差异极显著(P<0.01),单个氨基酸排泄总量鸭都极显著高于鸡(P<0.01);(3)7种饲料总氨基酸真消化率(total amino acid true digesti-bility,TTAAD)鸭的测定值都高于鸡(P<0.01),同一种饲料中,大多数氨基酸真消化率(amino acid true digestibil-ity,TAAD)鸭的测定值显著高于鸡。以上结果表明,鸡和鸭对饲料氨基酸消化率存在显著差异,在所测定的7种植物饲料中大多数AAAD和TAAD测定值都是鸭比鸡高,目前以鸡测定各种饲料氨基酸消化率不适宜鸭的生产。

To compare the digestibility of amino acid in plant feedstuffs between cockerel and drake, 48 Hy-Line Brown cockerels and 48 Peking drakes in 18 weeks with similar weight（2.6 ± 0.20） kg were employed to bioassay amino acid digestibility of 7 feedstuffs, including paddy, corn, wheat, wheat bran, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and peanut meal. And every 8 cockerels and drakes were used to determinate one feedstuff. The results showed 1） the total amino acid apparent digestibility （TAAAD） of these 7 feedstuffs for drakes were significantly higher than those for cockerels （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The AAAD in the same feedstuff for drakes were mostly higher than those of cockerels; 2） during the period of 48-hour fecal collection, the amount of endogenous amino acid （EAA） in drakes were significantly higher than that of cockerels （P〈 0.01） ; 3） the total amino acid true digestibility （TTAAD） of 7 feedstuffs of drakes were significantly higher than those of cockerels （P〈0.01）, and the TAAD in the same feedstuff for drakes were mostly higher than those of cockerels. Therefore, there were significant differences of amino acids digestibility of plant feedstuffs between cockerels and drakes, and the nutritional parameter of cockerel was not appropriate for drake. [Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2006,18（4） ：237-243 ]