社会科学与自然科学的五个差异——兼论进一步繁荣发展哲学社会科学的现实意义

Differences between social sciences and natural sciences

比较社会科学和自然科学在研究对象、研究方法、科学基础与“认识旨趣”、理论特征、理论与实践的关系等5个方面的差异。认为研究对象上的差异处于核心地位。现代社会科学的科学性建立在社会分工的基础上。相对于自然科学而言,社会科学理论很少有“范式”和创造性,但它仍然对社会具有重要的建构作用。

This article has compared the differences between social sciences and natural sciences in 5 aspects： the research object, the research methods, the scientific foundation and the ＂knowledge interests＂ , the theory characteristics, the relation between theory and practice and so on . Among them, the difference on research object is in the core position. The establishment of modern social sciences is social division. As a result of intrinsic： reason, the scientific theories don＇ t contain ＂paradigm＂ and creativity, but they still play im- portant roles in the social construction. While discussion the above questions, the author has also analyzed a concrete academic ques- tion, ＂The practice is the only standard to examine the truth＂ just has the meaning in statistics. Finally, the article simply explained the practical significance in further developing and prospering philosophic and social sciences in our country.