艾滋病高发区中学生艾滋病相关知识知晓状况

HIV/AIDS Related Knowledge Among Middle School Students in AIDS High-incidence Area

目的了解艾滋病高发区中学生艾滋病相关知识知晓情况,为健康教育和行为干预提供依据。方法在安徽省5个艾滋病防治示范区,运用结构式问卷对3 302名初二和高二年级学生进行调查。结果中学生艾滋病相关知识的总体知晓率为78.8%,男生(79.3%)高于女生(77.4%)(P<0.01),高二年级学生(85.4%)高于初二年级学生(71.5%)(P<0.01),城区(79.9%)高于乡镇(74.0%)(P<0.01),其中对传播途径、非传播途径和防治知识的知晓率分别为89.5%,78.3%和72.3%。获取知识途径的前3位依次为电视(83.0%)、教师(62.4%)、招贴画和挂图(58.8%)。结论安徽省示范区中学生艾滋病相关知识知晓率较高。但应继续加强对艾滋病非传播途径及预防知识的教育,并以初中生、女生和农村中学生为重点,进一步发挥学校教师在健康教育中的作用。

Objective To know AIDS related knowledge among middle school students in AIDS high-incidance area, and to provide evidence for health echucation and the intervention. Methods A total of 3 302 students were interviewed with a self-administered questionnaire by trained teachers. Resuits Their response to HIV/AIDS related knowledge was 78.8 % （79.3 % for male and 77.4 % for female, 85.4% for seniors and 71.5% for juniors, 79.9% for urban and 74.0% for rural. P 〈 0.01 ）. The percentage of correct answers about transmission, non-transmission and prevention knowledge were 89.5%, 78.3% and 72.3% respectively. The leading three sources of HIV information were TV（83.0% ）, teachers（62.4% ） and propaganda posters（58. 8% ）. Condusion Middle school student education should emphasize non-transmission routes and prevention knowledge, and focus on those in junior middle school, urban or female students. We should make full use of teachers in the education.