催化裂解装置火灾爆炸危险性评价

Risk Evaluation of Fire and Explosion for RFCC Equipment

道氏方法是对石化装置风险性进行量化评价的一种行之有效的方法,尤其是对装置的系统和单元的固有危险性及安全设施降低危险性的安全补偿作用进行认识和评价,采用道化学公司的火灾、爆炸危险指数法,对安庆石化炼油厂65×104t/a催化裂解装置的潜在火灾爆炸和反应危险性进行评价和分析,得到“严重”以上程度的单元有:加热炉、丙烷塔、丙烯塔、液化气储罐和汽油柴油储罐、反应器、瓦斯发生器、乙烷塔和稳定器,同时给出单元的危险等级和薄弱环节,为工厂的风险管理和安全管理决策提供了科学依据,并为降低装置风险提出了建议。

Dow method is an effective one to quantitatively evaluate the risk of petrochemical plant, particularly to evaluate the inherent risk of equipment system and equipment unit in a plant and the compensation effect of safety devices used for reducing system dangers. This method provides a scientific foundation for the factory to make modem safety management and insurance. In the paper, potential risks of fires, explosion and reaction are assessed and analyzed for 65 × 10^4t./a RFCC equipment in Anqing oil-refinery plant by Dow chemical companyg fire and explosive index. The units ranking in ＂severity＂ include heating furnaces, propane towers, propylene towers; liquefied gas storage tanks, petrol storage tanks, diesel oil storage tanks, reactors, gas generators, ethane towers and stabilizers, at the same time, danger classes and weakness are also obtained, which provides a scientific basis for risk management and safety decisionmaking of this factory. Finally, some suggestions about how to reduce the risk of those equipment are proposed.