河溪近自然治理技术及其评价方法

Near natural stream control techniques and its assessment system

河溪近自然治理作为恢复退化河溪生态系统的一种重要手段,包括河溪近自然治理评价指标体系与技术措施施工2部分。在分析国内外通行的各种评价方法的基础上,针对我国不甚发达的经济情况和复杂的水域特点,提出了由11个因子组成的河溪近自然评价指标体系,包括:1)河流的平面形态;2)河流的横断面形态;3)河流的水深;4)水体宽度;5)岸坡的结构;6)水流的流速;7)缓冲带植被宽;8)水体与河槽的接触情况;9)河道粗木质情况;10)水质;11)底栖大型动物。然后,根据其评价结果对处于不同健康等级的河溪采用相对应的河溪近自然治理技术,从而为我国整体河溪生态系统的恢复和水资源的科学管理提供决策依据。

Near natural stream control is one of the primary methods to rehabilitate degraded stream ecosystem, it is composed by techniques used in near natural stream control and corresponding stream health assessment system. On the base of analyzing the popular appraisal systems, and to satisfy the non-developed economic condition and complex situations of watersheds in China, the advanced near natural stream control assessment system includes eleven indicators： （ 1 ） the plane shape of stream; （2） the profile shape of stream; （3） waterdepth of river; （4）water width of river; （5）the structure of bank slope; （6） current velocity; （7）the riparianvegetation width ; （8） the touching condition between water and riverbed; （9） coarse woody debris in stream channel; （10） the quality of water; （ 11 ） benthonic large invertebral animals. According to different healthy degrees of stream ecosystems, the near natural stream control techniques will be done, and all those offernecessary guides to restore the whole stream ecosystems and to scientifically manage water resources in China.