克拉玛依市区15岁以上常住居民高血压患病情况调查

Investigation into the pathogenetic condition of permanent residents older than 15 years old with hypertension in Kelamayi

目的:调查克拉玛依市区15岁以上常住居民高血压患病情况及危险因素。方法:调查于2002-05/2003-07进行,采用整群随机抽样抽取了克拉玛依市克拉玛依区15岁以上居住3年以上常住人群4500余人。对所有入选者进行统一问卷调查,询问病史、家族史、职业、文化程度、经济收入、饮食习惯、卫生知识水平等,体格检查包括身高、体质量、血压、脉率、腰围、血脂、血糖、尿酸、肾功能、心电图等。结果:4402人进入结果分析,资料的缺失率为2%。①高血压患病率21.51%,男性27.08%,女性15.67%,主要分布在25～45岁。血压正常人群占33.51%、高血压人群占21.51%,高危人群占44.98%。②年收入2万元以上和1万元以下高血压患者偏多。③汉族高血压比例最大,为22.58%,其次为哈萨克族18.66%。④高血压患者中1级高血压占47.63%,2级高血压占13.83%,随着高血压分级越高,靶器官损害越重,脉压差越大,心脑血管事件亦越多。⑤新检出高血压占整个高血压患者的41.39%。⑥高血压知晓率37.95%、治疗率27.93%、控制率22.52%。⑦高血压患者中高三酰甘油血症者占40.1%,高胆固醇血症者占30.7%,空腹血糖≥6.0mmol/L者9.6%,肥胖者60.0%。结论:①克拉玛依市高血压患病率较高,男性大于女性,且呈现年轻化趋势。②高血压与种族、经济收入和不良生活习惯有关。③克拉玛依市高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率有待进一步提高。

AIM： To investigate the pathogenetic condition and risk factors of hypertensive patients older than 15 years, who were permanent residents of Kelamayi. METHODS： The investigation was conducted from May 2002 to July 2003, and cluster randomized sampling method was adopted to select more than 4 500 permanent residents, who were older than 15 years old and living in Kelamayi for more than 3 years. All subjects were investigated by an unified questionnaire, including disease history, family history, occupation, culture background, income, eating habit, health information and so on. Physical examination included body height, body mass, blood pressure, PUlSe rate, waistline, blood lipid, blood glucose, . uric acid, renal function, electrocardiogram and so on. RESULTS： A total of 4 402 subjects were involved in the analysis of results with an absent rate of 2%. ① The prevalence of hypertension was 21.51%, which was 27.08% in males and was 15.67% in females. Patients mainly with an age ranged 25-45 years, and people with normal blood pressure accounted for 33.51%, and patients with hypertension accounted for 21.51%, while patients of high risk accounted for 44.98%. ② Patients with hypertension were mainly eamed below 20 thousands or 10 thousands Yuan. ③ Han patients with hypertension were the most, which was 22.58%, and then was the Hazakh people, which was 22.58%. ④ 47.63% of hypertensive patients were of grade one, and 13.83% of hypertensive patients were of grade two. With the grade of hypertension increasing, the lesion to target organ was much severer, and the pulse pressure difference was greater, and cerebrovascular events took place much occasionally. ⑤ Patients lately diagnosed as hypertension accounted for 41.39% in all hypertensive patients.⑥ The realzidng rate of hypertension was 37.95%, and the curative rate was 27.93%, while the control rate was 22.2%. ⑦ Of patients with hypertension, those with hypertriacylglycarolemia accounted for 40.1%, patients with hypercholes-teremia accounted for 30.7%, and patients with the fasting blood glucose t〉 6.0 mmol/L accounted for 9.6%, and patients with obesity accounted for 60.0%. CONCLUSION： ① There is a higher prevalence of hypertension in Kelamayi, which is higher in males than that in females, and there is a trend that patients with hypertension are more and more younger. ② Hypertension is related with race, income and bed living habits. ③ More work should be done to improve the realizing rate, treatment rate and control rate of patients with hypertension in Kelamayi.