儿童孤独感与同伴关系、社会行为及社交自我知觉的研究

The Relationship of Children's Loneliness with Peer Relationship,Social Behavior and Self-perceived Social Competence

本研究采用同伴提名法和问卷调查法对3-6年级儿童共600名进行了研究,试图考察儿童孤独感与同伴关系、社会行为及社交自我知觉的关系。结果表明:(1)受欢迎组儿童的孤独感显著低于被拒绝组、被忽视组、有争议组和一般组;一般组儿童的孤独感显著低于被拒绝组和被忽视组。(2)社交自我知觉较高的儿童的孤独感显著低于社交自我知觉一般和较低的儿童,社交自我知觉一般的儿童的孤独感显著低于社交自我知觉较低的儿童。(3)高攻击型儿童的孤独感高于低攻击型儿童,但没有达到显著水平;高退缩型儿童的孤独感显著高于一般退缩型和低退缩型儿童,一般退缩型儿童的孤独感显著高于低退缩型的儿童。

Sociometric nomination and the questionnaire method were applied to explore the relationship of loneliness with peer relationship, social behavior and self-perceived sodal campetence. 600 children from the third grade to the sixth grade took part in this study. The findings indicated that. （i） Popular children reported significantly lower scores of loneliness than did the rejected, the neglected, the controversial and the average; Average children reported significantly lower scores of loneliness than the rejected,the neglected. （2）Children who reported higher level of sdf-perceived social competence had significantly lower scores for loneliness than did those who reported average and lower scores,and children who reported average level of self-perceived social competence had significantly lower scores for loneliness than did those who reported lower ones. （3） The children who reported higher level of aggressive behavior had higher scores for loneliness than did those who reported lower ones,but there was not significant difference between the two groups. The children who reported higher level of withdrawal behavior scored significantly better for loneliness than did those who reported average and lower ones; children who reported an average level of withdrawal behavior had significantly scores for loneliness than did those who reported lower ones.