社会表征理论及其发展

Social Representation Theory and Its Development

社会表征理论是由法国社会心理学家莫斯科维奇(S.Moscovici)首先提出来的,它是对共享实在的一种解释,目前已经成为欧美社会心理学界的共识性趋势。它对群体行为和群体认知做出了新的阐明,并成为群体关系研究中最有影响的理论,同社会认同理论、话语分析理论并列成为欧洲社会心理学的三个经典流派。它对产生于群体的认知和行为作出解释,强调群体的中心性、群体影响和沟通个体的意识,同时强调社会心理现象和过程只能通过将其放在历史的、文化的和宏观的社会环境中才能进行最好的理解和研究。新近的研究也为社会表征理论提供了一定的证据和有利支持。该理论是欧洲社会心理学本土化的重要成果,对社会心理学具有重要的贡献,尤其是将对于我国的社会心理学的理论和实证研究具有一定的推动作用,因而需要进一步的研究和完善。

Social representation theory, developed by S. Moscovici and W. Wagner et al. , and offering new explanations of group behavior and group cognition, has become the most influential theory in the field of inter-group relations. The social representation theory evolving from the explanations for inter-group behavior and cognition provides approaches to how attitudes relate to each other and how attitudes are patterned by the membership of groups who share the same representations. Recent research provides much evidence for the theory. The social representation theory is an important achievement of European psychology localization and has important contributions to social psychology. At the same time it remains to be improved.