《黄帝四经》所见“名”的分类

Classification of “Ming" in the Four Classics of Huangdi

以往对《黄帝四经》思想构造的研究,只讲“道法”关系二元结构,而不讲“道名法”关系三元结构,其实“名”在《黄帝四经》中是一个极其重要的概念,不对“名”作细致的描述和准确的分析,就很难把握《黄帝四经》的主要思想。将不同语境中的“名”分为五类。《黄帝四经》中,“道”虽然是最高范畴,但并不是论述的焦点。君主该如何把握“名”、“法”才是作者注目之重点。“名”的性质和“法”相近,都与规范、准则相关。

The former studies of the ideological structure of the Four Classics of Huangdi （Yellow Emperor） only discuss the dualistic structure of ＂Tao- law＂, but never deal with the triple structure of ＂Tao- ming -law＂. Actually, ＂ming （name）＂ is a very significant conception in the Four Classics of Huang Di, and we cannot reach the main ideology of the Four Classics of Huangdi if we don＇t make detailed narration and accurate analysis of it. This paper divides the ＂ming＂ under different contexts into five types. In the Four Classics of Huangdi, though the ＂Tao＂ is the uppermost category, it isn＇t the focus of the exposition. Indeed the author concentrates how the monarch grasps the ＂ming＂ and ＂law＂. The nature of ＂ming＂ is similar to the ＂law＂, both relating to the standard and principle.