城市化引发环境问题的经济学分析

An Economic Analysis of Environmental Problems Incurred by Urbanization

城市化确实导致了环境恶化。这主要由于:企业在经济活动中常常只追求内部经济性,滥用环境而不构成成本,将外部不经济性留给社会。追根溯源,在于城市环境未能产权化。因此,应采取经济措施使污染成本内部化,迫使企业治污;同时,推进城市环境产权化,激励企业治污。

Urbanization leads to the deterioration of the environment. In their economic activities, enterprises often seek after only the inner economy, abuse environment without incurring any cost, and leave the outer economy to the society. The reason to this is that urban environment is unclear of its property right. To solve the problem, measures must taken to make pollution inner that will force enterprises to treat pollution. Meanwhile, property right must be pushed forward for urban environment and enterprises are rewarded for treating pollution.