熊蜂为温室茄属作物授粉的优越性

Advantage of Bumblebee as Pollinator for Solanum in Greenhouse

近几年,国外已广泛利用熊蜂为温室农作物授粉,并且获得很好的经济效益和生态效益。熊蜂以其独特的形态特征和生物学特性成为温室作物的理想授粉者,利用熊蜂为温室作物授粉,不但可以提高产量,改善果实品质,减少畸形果率,还可以解决应用化学激素所带来的污染问题,从而提高经济效益。综述了利用熊蜂温室茄属作物授粉的优越性,并讨论温室环境、茄属作物本身等对授粉的影响,以及熊蜂为温室茄属作物授粉行为和效果,旨在为中国熊蜂授粉应用及推广奠定基础。

Bumblebees have been widely used as pollinators in greenhouse and acquired good economical and ecological benefits in foreign countries in recent years. Bumblebee was a high effective pollinator for crops in greenhouse because of their morphological and biological characteristics. There are many advantages of bumblebee pollination. First, it can increase the yield. Second, it can improve the fruit quality. Third, it can decrease the rate of cafface and puff fruit. Moreover, it can avoid the pollution of hormone and increase the economic benefits. Bumblebee pollination in greenhouse was reviewed, the effect of greenhouse environment and biology of Solarium to pollination, the bumblebee pollination behavior and pollination effect, were discussed in this paper.