重庆市2004～2006年流行性感冒流行特征分析

ANALYSIS ON EPIDEMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF INFLUENZA IN CHONGQING FROM 2004 TO 2006

[目的]探讨重庆市流行性感冒(流感)的流行特征,为制定流感防制策略提供科学依据。[方法]对重庆市2004、2005流感监测年度的流感样病例(ILI)监测资料、病毒分离鉴定结果及暴发疫情信息进行描述分析。[结果]2004年3月～2005年8月,ILI%平均为11.79%,2005年9月～2006年3月为0.80%。2004年ILI%存在4月和10月2个高峰,2005年存在4月、8月和11月3个高峰。两年病毒分离率分别为20.21%和33.62%。2年共有流感暴发疫情75起,2005年明显高于2004年,高峰月均出现在4月和11月。[结论]我市可能存在春季和秋季流感流行高峰,春季高峰比较固定,秋季高峰有一定波动性。暴发疫情呈逐年上升趋势,主要发生在中小学校。两年10月前后均出现优势毒株型别的变化值得关注。

[Objective] To explore the epidemic characters of influenza in Chongqing, and provide scientific basis for the prevention of influenza. [ Methods] The data of epidemiology and pathogen of influenza-like illness （ILI） and outbreaks of influenza in ChongQing from 2004 to 2006 were collected and analyzed. [ Results] From Mar in 2004 to Aug in 2005, the percentage of the number of ILI cases accounted for total outpatient was 11.79%, from Sep in 2005 to Mar in 2006, it was 0.80%. The peaks of epidemic of influenza in 2004 were in Apr and Dec.However, there were three peaks distributed in Apr, Aug and Oct in 2005.The total rate of isolation was 20.21% and 33.62% in 2004 and in 2005 respectively .There were 75 outbreaks of influenza in two years, and there was more in 2005 than in 2004. Two peaks distributed in Apr and Oct. [ Conclu- sion] Two peaks of influenza in Spring and Autumn are shown in Chongqing, it was invariable in spring and fluctuant in au- tumn. The outbreak of influenza was crescent, and mainly occurred in primary and middle schools. The change of the type of strains around Oct needs more attention.