结构、进程与权力的社会化——中国与东亚地区合作

Structures,Processes,and the Socialization of Power:China and Regional Cooperation in East Asia

东亚区域化以中小国家为主导,地区大国的迅速崛起与地区多边合作并行发展,呈现出旺盛的活力。现有的结构理论和进程理论难以对东亚地区的和平与合作做出令人满意的解释。作者提出了一种进程主导型的地区合作模式,或称“过程型建构主义”,试图解决上述问题。“交感而化”是这个模式的核心,亦即通过合作进程吸引大国参与进程并实现渐进式的社会化。进程推动了权力的社会化、孕育合作的规则和规范,并且催生集体认同。进程本身是手段也是目的,而第一次东亚峰会作为个案研究,初步验证了进程主导型模式的作用与局限。

East Asian multilateral regional cooperation, led by a group of lesser states and paralleling the rise of a regional power, has undergone vigorous development. However, none of the existing international structures or processes can convincingly explain the peace and cooperation in East Asia. This paper attempts to provide an answer by developing a process-focused model of regional cooperation, which may be termed “process-oriented constructivism.” Its essence is “change through inter-subjectivity,” or the gradual socialization of power by involving the major regional players in the process of integration. The process socializes power, nurtures norms and rules, and fosters a collective identity. The process itself is both the means and the end. The paper uses the case of the first East Asia Summit (EAS) to test the model and to identify its significance and limitations.