中国城市居住分异研究

A research on residential division in China’s cities: a viewpoint of social transformation

对城市居住空间的研究是城市社会学的一个重要内容。自建国以来,我国城市居住空间经历了逐渐分异的历史变迁过程。如果不对居住分异加以适当的调控就会出现居住空间极化与隔离问题。城市居住空间极化是社会不公正在居住空间上的表现。城市政治经济转变与城市规划、土地制度改革与房地产开发、住房制度改革与住房商品化是转型过程中城市居住分异形成的三个主要原因。扩大中等收入群体规模、增加社会自组织力量、制定公正的社会政策是优化城市居住空间结构的有效途径。

It is an important subject of urban sociology to conduct research on urban residential space. From the establishment of the PRC, the urban residential space has undergone separation and difference gradually. Without proper regulation, it will be polarization and segregation in residential space. The polarization is the representation of social inequity. There are three main reasons for the residential separation and difference： the transition of urban politics-and -economy and urban planning, the land reform and development of real estate, the housing reform and commercialization of public housing. Finally, it is hoped that efforts should be made to optimize urban residential space in the following three ways： raising the proportion of the middle - income group, increasing the strength of society, and constituting fair society policy.