环渤海七省(市)地下水硝酸盐含量调查

Investigation on Nitrate Concentration in Groundwater in Seven Provinces (City) Surrounding the Bo-Hai Sea

饮用水质量直接影响人类健康,而饮用水中硝酸盐(NO-3-N)含量水平又是衡量其质量的重要指标。通过调查的方法,对我国北方环渤海七省(市)包括北京、河北、河南、山东、辽宁、天津以及山西的地下水中硝酸盐含量状况进行了大面积调查研究。结果表明,上述七省市地下水中NO-3-N含量较高,平均值达到11.9mg·L-1,约34.1%的地下水超过WHO制定饮用水的标准。农田利用类型对地下水的影响较大,在粮田、菜地、果园、养殖等几种类型中,菜地的影响最大,NO-3-N平均含量达到21mg·L-1,其次是果园。随着地下水深度的加深,NO3--N含量呈现明显下降的趋势,其中10m以内的水体NO-3-N含量最高,达21.7mg·L-1。由于不同地区施肥习惯不同,地区之间有很大的差异。

Nitrate-nitrogen （NO3^--N） is an important index to estimate drinking water quality which affects human health directly. Nitrate-N in groundwater water is a very serious problem in many parts of China. So the status of NO3^--N content in groundwater was investigated to evaluate drinking water quality in 7 provinces of north China such as Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Liaoning, Tianjin, and Shanxi. The results showed that the content of NO3^--N in groundwater was a little higher with the average level 11.9 mg · L^-1, and about 34.1% exceeded the criterion of WHO. The content of NO3^--N in groundwater was greatly affected by different types of land use and groundwater depth. The vegetable land had much more NO3^--N than orchard, cropland and breeding animals, the average concentration was 21.4 mg·L^-1, 14.3 mg·L^-1, 10.4mg·L^-1 and 7.3 mg·L^-1, respectively. NO3^--N decreased with groundwater depth, and reached 21.7 mg·L^-1, 15.9 mg·L^-1, 8.8 mg·L^-1, 5.8mg·L^-1 and 3.8 mg·L^-1 within 10 m, 10-20 m, 20-50 m, 50-100 m and exceed 100 m, respectively. In addition, the content of NO3^--N varied much among different provinces because of the different fertilization.