阳离子聚合物基因转染载体的研究进展

Cationic Polymeric Gene Carrier

安全有效的基因载体是实现基因治疗的必要条件,由于阳离子聚合物易于合成和改性,无免疫原性,可以方便地与DNA形成紧密的超分子复合物,保护DNA免受核酸酶的降解,并促进其进入细胞,从而成为非病毒基因载体中的一个重要类型;但阳离子聚合物基因载体,对细胞具有电荷相关的毒性,转染效率低于病毒载体,这成为限制其进入临床使用的瓶颈。本文从提高阳离子聚合物作为基因载体时的转染效率及降低其毒性方面综述了阳离子聚合物基因载体的研究进展,归纳了改善阳离子聚合物基因载体转染特性的八种方法,预测了阳离子聚合物基因载体的发展前景。

Secure and efficient gene carrier is polymer is an important kind of non-viral gene carriers a prerequisite of gene therapy coming into reality. Cationic because it is easily produced and modified at a large scale, has no immunogenecity, can complex DNA into compact microparticle to prevent degradation of DNA from Dnase and carry DNA into cell. But cationic polymer has acute cytotoxicity related to charge and lower transfection efficiency than viral carrier, which limits its use in clinical gene therapy. carrier was summarized in enhancing transfection efficiency and Here, research progress on cationic polymeric gene decreasing cytotoxicity. Eight measures of improving cationic polymeric gene carrier in transfection were summafied and the development of cationic polymeric gene carrier was forcast.