试论土壤线虫多样性在生态系统中的作用

The diversity and functions of soil nematodes

土壤线虫的物种多样性和功能群丰富,不同功能群的土壤线虫取食习惯也不一样,而土壤线虫取食习惯的多样性以及它们自身的一些属性决定了它们在土壤中与其他生物之间关系的复杂性。土壤中不同生物之间的相互作用决定了土壤食物网的复杂性,进而影响着土壤生态系统功能。然而,有关土壤线虫的多样性与土壤生态系统功能之间的关系的研究还很不足。要全面了解土壤线虫在生态系统中的作用,研究工作必须:(1)结合室内模拟和野外控制实验;(2)结合物种多样性调查和不同功能群的功能分析。

This paper introduces the species diversity and the functions of soil nematodes. Nematodes are ubiquitous with diverse feeding behaviors and life strategies. The diversity of feeding behaviors and some intrinsic properties result in the complex biotic interaction between soil nematodes and other soil biota, which greatly affects the ecosystem functions. However, the research on the species diversity of soil nematodes and their ecosystem functions is still inadequate. To understand the role of soil nematodes in the ecosystem requires： （1） the combination of laboratory microcosm study and field mesocosm experiments; and （2） the combination ofbiodiversity survey and functional analysis of different groups.