风特性的一种工程建模方法

Method of wind characteristic modeling in engineering

风速的大小、方向和湍流强度等反映风特性的特征量计算是风能利用过程的重要工作,这些参数是风力发电机组设计以及零部件受风脉动影响分析的重要参数。根据工程需求,研究直观、简便的小时间尺度风特性建模和计算方法;以风脉动为矢量,分析反映风特性关系的“湍流圆”;并通过对实测风数据的统计分析,建立包括风速度和方向参变量的湍流和湍流强度计算方法。采用实测数据的验证表明,这种建模方法能够较好地反映小尺度气流的变化。与经典湍流强度等特征量计算方法比较,风特征量的数值分析方法具有足够的工程精度,且实时性更强,可以用于确定风力机动态及静态设计过程的基本设计参数,同时也可以为风力机运行过程提供控制基础参数,对确定捕获风能与偏航角的关系具有重要意义。

In order to illustrate the effects of the wind velocity, wind direction and turbulence on the wind turbine design and the response of the wind turbine components, a simple and convenient little time-scale wind model was built. Based on the fact that the wind velocity is a vector, the statistical ＂turbulence circle＂ model, which reflected the wind velocity and direction and turbulence, was built up, and the period, which was about 50 minutes, was defined. The actual test data showed that the wind model reflected the true wind changes well. The wind speed, direction and the turbulence intensity were in good agreement with the test data. Compared with the classic turbulence intensity calculation method, the arithmetic was more real-time. The numeral values of the key wind properties would be important to wind turbine design and evaluation of the components, as well as the wind turbine operation control system and the establishment of the yaw angle effect on wind energy capture.