某医科大学台湾与大陆学生焦虑、抑郁、自尊水平的比较

Comparison of Depression,Anxiety and Self-esteem Levels between Taiwan and Continental Students in Medical College

目的调查与探讨某医科大学台湾留学生的心理健康状况,为更好地开展针对台湾留学生的管理教育和心理咨询工作提供理论及事实依据。方法分层整群抽取某医科大学台湾学生30名,对照组大陆学生49名,采用SDS自评抑郁量表、SAS自评焦虑量表、自尊量表进行抑郁、焦虑、自尊水平的调查并作比较分析。结果台湾留学生与大陆学生在抑郁的心理障碍方面有显著性差异(t=2.023,P=0.047),在其他方面均无显著性差异。台湾留学生与大陆学生在抑郁指数上的比较,有显著性差异(χ2=4.479,P=0.034),说明台湾留学生的总体抑郁倾向显著高于大陆学生。台湾留学生与大陆学生在焦虑指数上的比较,有显著性差异(t=2.031,P=0.046),说明台湾留学生的总体焦虑倾向显著高于大陆学生。台湾留学生与大陆学生在自尊水平上的比较,有显著性差异(t=-2.492,P=0.015),说明台湾留学生的自尊水平显著低于大陆学生。台湾留学生抑郁标准分与自尊分呈极显著负相关(P=0.005),焦虑标准分与自尊分呈显著负相关(P=0.037)。同时,台湾留学生的抑郁标准分与焦虑标准分之间呈极显著正相关(P=0.000)。结论该医科大学的台湾留学生具有抑郁、焦虑的不良心理状态并且比大陆学生的自尊水平低。自尊发展是影响台湾留学生心理健康状况的重要因素之一。

Objectives To investigate and explore the psychological characteristics of students from Taiwan in a certain medical college, and then to offer the academic and factual foundation for further developing psychological education and consulting in Taiwan students. Methods A total of 30 students from Taiwan and 49 continental students as a control group were enrolled in this survey by the way of clustering sample, and then the anxiety and depress status of students from two different areas were evaluated and compared by the SDS scale , the SAS scale and the self-esteem scale. Results There were significant differences in scores of depressed psychological disorder between Taiwan and continental students （t = 2. 023, P=0. 047）, but no difference was found in other items between two groups. In addition, significant differences were also found in scores of depressed between two groups （x^2=4. 479, P=0. 034）. Compared with continental students, the scores of Taiwan in anxiety were higher significantly （t=2. 031, P=0. 046）. The levels of self-esteem of Taiwan students were lower significantly than that in continental stt, dents （t=-2. 492, P= 0. 015）. The standard score of depress in Taiwan students was negatively correlated significantly with self-esteem score （P=0. 005）, and the same negative relation was also found between standard score of anxiety and self-esteem score （P=0. 037）. The standard score of depress in Taiwan students was positively correlated significantly with standard score of anxiety （P=0. 000）. Conclusion Taiwan students in a certain medical college maybe have the depressed and anxiety psychological disorder. Meanwhile, the levels of self-esteem of Taiwan students are lower than that of continental students. As a result, the self-esteem development may be one of the important factors affecting the psychological status of Taiwan students.