针叶林阔叶化改造目标类型选择研究

Research on Selecting Target Type of Conifer Broad-leafization Alteration

针对针叶林阔叶化改造目标的关键问题,通过大量的调查研究,分析树种间的关联程度、物种多样性程度、森林群落的模糊聚类和自然演替序列,表明针叶林的阔叶化改造目标,要根据演替进程和立地条件,分别确定由于时间和生境不同而产生的阶段目标和环境条件制约下的不同目标群落类型,实行科学分类指导。由此提出受立地或生境条件制约下的主要目标群落类型有:①上坡甜槠—木荷林;②中坡青冈—木荷林;③下坡苦槠—木荷林;④山岙紫楠—华东楠木林;⑤石质山地乌冈栎—冬青林。由演替进程不同形成的阶段目标类型有:①1～30年的马尾松林;②31～60年的马尾松针阔混交林;③61～80年的常绿与落叶阔叶混交林;④81～100年的常绿阔叶林。

Aiming at key problem of conifer broad-leafization alteration, on the basis of abundant investigation, analyzing relevancy between tree types, diversity between species, blur clustering of forest community and nature succession sequence,all indicates that target type of conifer broad-leafization alteration should be confirmed according to succession course and local condition. Different instruction should be given because of phase target from different time and condition. The main target community types districted by environment condition are as follows：①upgrade sweet bamboo timber,②middlegrade blue ridge timber, ③downgrade bitter bamboo timber, ④mountain purple nanmu,⑤rock hilly holly. Phase target types from different succession course are as follows：①1-30 years horsetail pine, ②31-60 years horsetail conifer broad-leaf,③51-80 years evergreen and defoliation broad-leaf, ④81-100 years evergreen broad-leaf.