鸡Myostatin基因单核苷酸多态性及其对屠体性状的遗传效应分析

SNPs of Myostatin gene and its genetic effects on carcass traits in chicken

以180只3个品系的温岭草鸡为材料,采用PCR-RFLP方法对鸡MSTN基因外显子1的2个多态位点进行研究,并分析对屠体性状的遗传效应。Bsh1236Ⅰ识别G(2100)A突变,产生MN和NN2种基因型,MspⅠ识别G(2109)A突变,产生AA、AB和BB3种基因型,联合2个位点分析出现了5种基因型。基因型频率在品系间的χ2检验表明差异均不显著(P>0.05)。方差分析显示不同基因型的屠宰率有显著或极显著的差异(P<0.01或P<0.05)。多重比较显示:杂合型MN的腹脂重和屠宰率显著(P<0.05)高于突变型NN;杂合型AB的胸肌重和胸肌率显著(P<0.01或P<0.05)高于基因型AA,基因型AA的腹脂重和腹脂率都极显著(P<0.01)高于突变型BB,在腿肌重性状上,BB型显著(P<0.05)低于AA型和AB型;2个位点联合分析时,NA/MA基因型的腹脂重、腹脂率和胸肌率均极显著(P<0.01)高于或低于其他基因型。

Two polymorphic sites in the first exon 1 of MSTN gene in 180 Wenling grass-chicken including 3 lines were studied by PCR-RFLP method,and its genetic effects on carcass traits were researched. The results showed that 2 genotypes （MN and NN） in G（2100）A locus were identified by Bsh1236 Ⅰ and 3 genotypes （AA, AB and BB） in G（2109）A locus were identified by Msp Ⅰ, and 5 genotypes were emerged while corn-analyzing 2 loci. The Х^2 test indicated genotype frequencies had no significant deviation （P 〉 0.05） among lines. The analysis of variance showed that the different genotypes had significant deviation （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05） in carcass percent. The multiple comparisons were made. The abdominal fat weight and carcass percent of heterozygosis MN were significantly higher （P〈0.05） than that of mutant NN, and the breast muscle weight and breast muscle percent of heterozygosis AB were significantly higher （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05） than that of AA individuals. In addition,the abdominal fat weight and abdominal fat percent of AA individuals were significantly higher （P 〈 0.01） than that of mutant BB individuals,but BB individuals were significantly lower （P 〈 0.05） than AA and AB individuals in leg muscle weight trait. The abdominal fat weight, abdominal fat percent and breast muscle percent of genotype NA/MA individuals were significantly higher or lower （P 〈 0.01） than those in other genotype individuals while eom-analyzing 2 loci.