5种裸腹溞群体遗传变异及亲缘关系的初步分析

Preliminary analysis of genetic variability and phylogenetic relationship among five species of Moina sp. (Cladocera)

采用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）技术对5种裸腹溢（蒙古裸腹潘Moina mongolica、多刺裸腹潘M.macrocopa、直额裸腹涵M.rectirostris、微型裸腹泾M.micrura和近亲裸腹溢M.affinis）的亲缘关系及群体遗传变异程度进行了研究。在优化反应条件下，对21个引物进行了扩增，从中筛选出6个带型清晰且重复性好的引物用于分析，共扩增出161条多态性谱带，片段长度为421—19329bp。根据遗传距离结果，利用Mega2．1软件包中的UPGMA和NJ程序进行聚类分析，结果表明：5种裸腹溢种间、群体间的遗传分化程度较大，进化地位的高低顺序为近亲裸腹潘〉直额裸腹溢〉多刺裸腹泾〉蒙古裸腹滋〉微型裸腹潘。

The genetic variability and phylogenetic relationship among five species of Moina sp. were determined by RAPD technique. Under the optimal reaction conditions, twenty -one random primers had been used for amplification, in which 6 were found to produce reproducible and stable fragments. There were 161 polymorphic fragments The length of amplified fragment was ranged from 421 to 19329 bp. Based on the heredity distance, the program UPGMA and NJ of Mega software were applied for cluster analysis. The genetic diversity among different taxa and populations ranged from high to low as the following： M. affinis 〉 M. rectirostris 〉 M. macrocopa 〉 M. mongolica 〉 M. micrura. The RAPD markers could be helpful in the study of Moina＇s population differentiation and the identification of Moina.